When All Are Treated Equal Professor Ramos Blog

At the point when All Are Treated Equal Starting at up to this point, there have been numerous extraordinary short stories and sonnets to break down for American character. The errand to look over only two of these was troublesome alone on the grounds that there have been such a significant number of savvy ones †Carl Sandburg’s â€Å"Chicago† and Zitkala-Sa’s â€Å"Impressions of an Indian Childhood† are two incredible ones to discuss that effectively have exposition potential. Be that as it may, I at last chose W.E.B. Du Bois’ The Souls of Black Folk and F. Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"Babylon Revisited† in light of the fact that these two creators legitimately talk around two significant issues that characterized what it intended to be an American around then †subjection (Du Bois) also, the Great Depression (Fitzgerald). It is one of a kind to note when these two works were composed: one after the end of bondage and the other toward the start of the Great Depression.  â â â â â â â â â â Du Bois isn't hesitant to state in these two sections (â€Å"I: Of Our Spiritual Strivings† and â€Å"III: Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others†) his expectations of what America should give the individuals of color: the option to cast a ballot and to be dealt with similarly rather than as second rate creatures. â€Å"He just wishes to make it feasible for a man to be both a Negro and an American, without being reviled and spit upon by his colleagues, without having the entryways of Opportunity shut generally in his face† (Du Bois and Levine 563). Du Bois was conceived in 1868, three years after the finish of bondage yet in the hour of The Souls of Black Folk, prejudice had discovered an alternate method to flourish in American culture: Jim Crow. The Jim Crow laws were conventions built up by Congress to isolate African Americans from white Americans, made well known by the Supreme Court’s 1897 choice in Plessy v. Ferguson. â€Å"Of Our Spiritual Strivings† is about Du Bois’ statement of balance for individuals of color. It additionally precisely portrays how Du Bois felt when it came to being dark: â€Å"Why did God make me a pariah and an outsider in mine own home? The shades of the jail house shut round about us all† (Du Bois and Levine 563). This statement alone embodies Du Bois’ outrage at being rewarded in an unexpected way, evaded as an untouchable and an outsider in his home. What does this expression, â€Å"mine own house† mean, however? Du Bois doesn't allude to America as his home, he is discussing his own body, carrying it to an increasingly close to home level. As I recently expressed, Jim Crow was being utilized around a similar time that The Souls of Black Folk was composed to separate the two races, building up the different however equivalent precept that was most predominantly utilized in the Southern piece of the United States where Du Bois worked at Atlanta College, maybe clarifying how he further felt secluded from his body. A key perception in the first part that Du Bois calls attention to is that the â€Å"Negro† ought to be remembered for the grouping of American people groups. â€Å" There are to-day no more genuine examples of the unadulterated human soul of the Declaration of Independence than the American Negroes; there is no evident American music however the wild sweet tunes of the Negro slave† (Du Bois and Levine 567). Du Bois is most presumably alluding to this part in the Declaration: â€Å"We hold these realities to act naturally obvious, that all men are made equivalent, that they are enriched by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the quest for Happiness† (US 1776).All men have the right to be dealt with reasonably and similarly under the law of America †this is Du Bois’ contention for himself just as all other African Americans. A piece of this statement could additionally be a reference to the battles looked by dark Americans in the hour of The Souls of Black Folk: â€Å"There are to-day no more genuine exponents† †Du Bois is making the contention that dark individuals are simply as meriting or, maybe significantly additionally meriting, of American rights than white individuals due to the dark slaves’ vile torment and detainment by their proprietors, also the serious segregation after opportunity. It appears as though the contention between W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington prepared a long time later to a comparative contention for the dark American populace: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. furthermore, Malcolm X. Walter Rucker, who composed an article about Du Bois’ commitments to dark society offers a comparable expression: â€Å"Du Bois adequately made a model for the network control dark patriotism that Black Power promoters of the mid to late 1960s would enthusiastically contend for† (Rucker 38). There is a fascinating perspective to call attention to here: W.E.B. Du Bois what's more, Malcolm X could both fill in as individuals from the Black Power development which requested for dark rights; while Booker T. Washington and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., while likewise comparative, have a distinction. Dr. Ruler not just took an interest in tranquil dissents however was one of the significant pioneers of the Civil Rights development yet would Washington have moreover taken an interest in the Civil Rights development? It is difficult to state concerning his discourse at the Atlanta Exposition which didn't really call for complete equity and equity for the dark American populace yet rather to give occupations and training to them †this is actually why Du Bois scrutinizes him such a great amount in â€Å"Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others†.  â â â â â â â â â â The section is fittingly given the title of â€Å"Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others† in light of the fact that Du Bois is endeavoring to make an impression on his philosophical adversary †that dark Americans can do substantially more than find a new line of work; rather, they can be pioneers of any field in any network. One of the most key statements in this part gives some understanding to Du Bois’ analysis of Washington: â€Å"In these years there have happened: 1. The disfranchisement of the Negro. 2. The lawful production of a particular status of common inadequacy for the Negro. 3. The consistent withdrawal of help from foundations for the higher preparing of Negro† (Du Bois and Levine 573). Du Bois composes this end in the wake of expressing that it is a consequence of Washington’s emphasis on individuals of color surrendering their interest for the most part for social liberties yet additionally among different components for example, political power and advanced education so as to be treated as equivalent.  â â â â â â â â â â Du Bois is presuming that Washington is to be faulted for all of dark Americans’ issues? No, even Du Bois states this himself: â€Å"These developments are not, certainly, direct aftereffects of Mr. Washingtons teachings† (Du Bois and Levine 573). Rather, the entire reason for the part is a message to Booker T. Washington and others like him to advocate for the common privileges of individuals of color rather than urging them to feel fulfilled that they have recently endure another day. How does The Souls of Black Folk contribute to American character? It makes it a stride further †it wishes for a dark American character in a white American culture. Du Bois is expressing to the world that individuals of color in America are Americans notwithstanding their distinctive skin shading. In conclusion, to summarize Du Bois’ message †every single individual of color ought to be made equivalent the same amount of as all men are made equivalent. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"Babylon Revisited† is a serious unexpected story in comparison to The Spirits of Black Folk since it is a anecdotal story set during a genuine occasion, the Great Depression. Charlie Ribs is an American attempting to proceed onward subsequent to losing it all in the financial exchange crash and attempting to recapture authority of his little girl Honoria from his sister in law Marion and her spouse Lincoln. Ridges is experiencing difficulty doing this because of a one-two punch: he is a recuperating alcoholic what's more, Marion reprimands him for her sister’s passing. In any case, Charlie can visit Honoria and never loses any expectation of being brought together with his little girl. As we have talked about during class time, the importance of the little girl being named Honoria as in respect. Along these lines, would Charlie’s method of accomplishing honor be fruitful by being with Honoria? It is conceivable that he has done this as of now with his dependence on liquor. Grains has conceded that he battled with liquor misuse and he has turned another leaf however yet it is still insufficient to fulfill Marion. This is obvious when Charlie clarifies his purpose behind as it were having one drunkard drink a day and when inquired as to whether she sees the reason for it, Marion’s reaction is â€Å" â€Å"No†, said Marion succinctly† (Fitzgerald and Levine 997). It may be conceivable Marion accepts that Charlie shouldn’t have any liquor whatsoever. Liquor, similar to drugs, is an inebriating operator that when flushed, can muddle individuals and, can make them incredibly rough. F. Scott Fitzgerald was a heavy drinker and his better half, Zelda, was admitted to a psychological organization after the celebrating days of the Jazz Age, very like Charlie’s circumstance with his better half, Helen. The subject of injury is common all through the story †Marion has injury over the demise of Helen while Charlie has it over various issues, for example, attempting to recover cash after the accident, accomplishing restraint and the dread of totally losing his girl. The inquiry that I accept Marion is asking Charlie is which injury does he experience the ill effects of additional: losing liquor or Honoria? When the story starts, Wales is now calm and resolved to be joined with his girl. How can it be that Marion can't see this? Does she not have any desire to? This could be a sensible end

Franchising & Small Business - Business Plan Essay

Diversifying and Small Business - Business Plan - Essay Example Marketable strategies development in space where business will give marinated (prepared to warm) nourishment for the intended interest group. The organization intends to meet breakeven by year end. Target crowd of the Indo-Pak Meals Corner would remember individuals for Melbourne who have taste buds for Asian flavors enhanced food. It will solely provide food inhabitants and foreigners from India, and Pakistan and different nations of that district like Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India is the biggest exporter of its gifted specialist to Australia in the year 2012 and constitutes15.7 percent of the complete program for migration (Australian training universal, 2012). This developing number, alongside previously living Indians will give great potential to business. Indians are particularly into their common home-done food and this has been accepted as open door to pull in particularly foreigners to have home flavor on outside their property. Another fundamental part of target crowd, Pakistani however contain little level of absolute Australian populace yet understudies from Pakistan are continually developing in twofold digit in Australia with development pace of 17.6 percent. Again these individuals are new contestants to place that is known for Australia and are pulled in to the home flavors. Indo-Pak Meals Corner intends to work with four full time representatives, a main culinary expert, gourmet specialist, partner (for staple, cutting and cooking) and administration man. Introductory cost includes area, permitting, fixed and different costs as the outlet is a beginning up from zero. Indo-Pak Meals Corner exists to furnish individuals with the best mix of food from India and Pakistan flavors to any one and everybody with need of day by day new convenient dinner prepared to eat on their approach to goal. This organization has no foundation history and another beginning up. In any case, it intends to grow long history of delicious food. The administration of the organization has ability in overseeing eatery offering such zesty nourishments. In transient the business

How to Use the Right Suny Application Essay Topics

How to Use the Right Suny Application Essay TopicsSuny application essay topics are sometimes misused and overused, which is the reason that it is very important to learn how to use them. Writing a Suny application essay can be difficult, but it is also one of the most challenging types of essays that you can ever write. Here are some tips on how to make it easier.Before you begin writing any Suny application essay topics, you should read as many different application essay topics as possible. This will help you learn about what other people have written and it will also give you some ideas on what to write as well. There are many different Suny application essay topics and you will want to make sure that you get the one that you are most comfortable with and that matches your personality. You should be able to remember the essay topic in a matter of seconds, but you should also be able to put it down on paper so that you can reference it whenever you need to.The most important thing to remember when writing a Suny application essay is to make sure that the information that you are providing is factual. In order to do this, you will want to make sure that you study as many different Suny application essay topics as possible and then make a list of the things that you believe are true. When you are done studying, you should be able to write as many facts as you can that are true. This should help you make sure that you are not including any false information in your essay.One of the biggest mistakes that students make when writing a Suny application essay is using too many assumptions. Assumptions do not help your essay and you should always remember that you are writing to impress the admissions officer. However, if you are making an assumption without checking to see if it is correct, it could hurt your chances of getting into SUNY.During the application essay, you should be able to remember what you wrote and how it is going to be used. It will be very helpfu l if you have written down the entire essay on paper so that you can refer to it again. The Suny application essay is not only for admissions officers; it is also for everyone else who reads it.When writing a Suny application essay, you should make sure that you have a clear topic that you are looking to address. This will help you set a specific direction for your essay. You should also remember that you should write a Suny application essay based on the subject of your choice, but you should also be able to write an essay that is useful to other people in general.Students who want to know how to write a Suny application essay will want to take some time to familiarize themselves with some of the different Suny application essay topics and how they should be written. There are many different topics that you can use in an application essay, and you should try to find the one that works best for you. Once you start learning how to write a Suny application essay, you will be surprised at how easy it is to do.Students who want to know how to write a Suny application essay will find it useful to find the appropriate Suny essay topics to use and then research them as much as possible to make sure that they are written correctly. When students get good at writing essays, they will be able to easily understand the Suny application essay requirements and they will also have more confidence in their ability to write.

Enron s Impact On The Natural Gas Industry - 2699 Words

Introduction: Enron was founded in 1985 as a result of a merger between Houston Natural Gas and InnerNorth of Omaha. During this time period there was a series of deregulations in the utilities industry which was highly regulated at the time. Enron original business was selling natural gas. Jeff Skilling developed the idea of a â€Å"gas bank† which was the middlemen for consumers and suppliers. Enron decided that if they were to increase their growth they needed to enter other markets due to the increase competition in the natural gas industry. Enron enter in the electric, water, broadband, pulp and paper industries. This new ventures were supposed to create millions of dollars in revenue for Enron; however most of this new ventures were immense failures which cost Enron significant losses. Enron never disclosed these losses to investors or the SEC until October 2001. Through different accounting practices with the help of its auditors (Arthur Andersen) Enron declared revenue numbers in the billions of dollars. Fortune magazine named Enron the most innovative company for six years straight and was ranked as the seventh largest company in the Fortune 500. Investors were in love with Enron although they could not explain how Enron was profitable. A year before Enron declared bankruptcy Enron’s shares were trading in the NYSE for $85 dollars. Many of Enron’s employees were encouraged to purchase company stock and many of them did. Retirees made it part of their 401Show MoreRelatedEnron And The Natural Gas Industry1542 Words   |  7 PagesEnron Background: Enron, based in Houston, Texas, was founded by Kenneth Lay as an energy and pipeline company in 1985 from the merger of two natural gas pipeline companies, Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth. 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Enron s executives employed accounting practices that falsely inflated the company s revenues, which, at the height of the scandal, made the firm becomeRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Enron1170 Words   |  5 PagesThe Enron Corporation was founded in 1985 by Kenneth Lay and based in Houston, Texas. Enron was known as one of the world’s leading electricity, natural gas, communications and pulp and paper companies. By the late 1990s Enron was considered one of the country’s most groundbreaking companies constructing power plants, gas lines, buying and selling electricity and gas, and partaking in a unique trading business; creating whole new markets for oddball commodities. In 1995 annual revenues were around

Euthanasi A More Humane Option For Suffering And Dying...

Euthanasia would be a more humane option for suffering and dying patients. Afterall, death row inmates have the option of lethal injection because it is more humane, so why are competent patients not given the same option? Why do we allow people who committed serious crimes to have a humane death, but force innocent patients with severe illnesses, to suffer through the pain? Giving a suffering patient the option to end their misery in a relatively quick and painless way would not only ease their dying process, but it would also provide their family with certainty and give them time to say their goodbyes. Not to mention processes such as â€Å"pulling the plug† and DNR (do not resuscitate) have been in practice for years, and they are relatively the same as physician assisted suicide, but more painful and time consuming. Often, controversy on the legalization of euthanasia revolves around the right to life; anti-euthanasia proponents argue that euthanasia infringes on a person’s fundamental right to live. What they fail to see is that our â€Å"life† as human beings implies death. Without death, we do not have â€Å" human life† by its very definition. Like two sides of a coin, human life cannot occur without death. Therefore when people argue a person’s fundamental right to live, they unknowingly are agreeing that every person has the fundamental right to die. Patients should have the right to decide whether they want to prolong their pain or simply end their suffering because it is

Analysis of Working Class Hero by John Lennon - 1085 Words

g ------------------------------------------------- WORKING CLASS HERO: It’s something to be â€Å"Working Class Hero† is a song made for the class split back in the 1940’s and 1950’s. The song is written by John Lennon, who was one of the singers in the old and legendary band, The Beatles, with Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr and George Harrison. He recorded the song between the 26th of September and the 6th of October; the song was though first released in 1971 in the United States and in UK in 1975. The song was on his first post-Beatles album â€Å"Imagine†. John Lennon was a working class hero himself. At least that is what he says in the end of the song; â€Å"If you want to be a hero, well, just follow me.† The theme of the song is most likely†¦show more content†¦The second phrase tells that if you were a smart or clever kid, then people would hate you, and if you were a dumb fool everybody would despise you. This despises and hate comes from the fact, that kids of the working class were accepted by the other kids if they were different. If the kids were not like the others they would faster become outcasts, and then in the end maybe go down mentally (3rd phrase). And the 3rd verse had 3 more phrases: â€Å"When theyve tortured and scared you for twenty odd years. Then they expect you to pick a career, when you cant really function youre so full of fear† Here, John Lennon is saying that after you have been raised like an outcast throughout your whole childhood, all the bravery for a career, which should have been built during your childhood, simply is not there. The way the people gets â€Å"stepped on† can really be demoralizing, and in the worst case scenario it can make your life completely out of function. All of these troubles because you have a fear of being led down or the chance of becoming an outcast. And the refrain appears again. The 4th verse says: â€Å"Keep you doped with religion and sex and TV And you think youre so clever and classless and free But youre still peasants as far as I can see† In this verse John Lennon is saying that all of us are getting â€Å"doped†Show MoreRelatedAnalysis of Working Class Hero by John Lennon1079 Words   |  5 Pagesg ------------------------------------------------- WORKING CLASS HERO: It’s something to be â€Å"Working Class Hero† is a song made for the class split back in the 1940’s and 1950’s. The song is written by John Lennon, who was one of the singers in the old and legendary band, The Beatles, with Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr and George Harrison. He recorded the song between the 26th of September and the 6th of October; the song was though first released in 1971 in the United States and in UK in 1975. The

Ethical Issues From Titled Article Enron †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Ethical Issues From The Titled Article Enron Ethics? Answer: Introducation The first major ethical issue in the article is the creation of Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) by Enron. The company entered into a partnership to raise money and boost its position in the market (Sims Brinkmann, 2003). However, the management applied deceptive methods to mask its declining financial performance. Partnerships allowed the company to sell assets and book revenues before to a partnership. This ethical issue enabled the company to generate huge revenues. Partners and potential investors thought that the company was performing well and continued to invest. Besides, the SPVs included a fraudulent technique to hid debts from the balance sheet. The SPVS is an ethical issue because a conjunction of motive and opportunity leads to an ethical hazard (Pendse, 2012). The second major ethical issue was encouraging employees to invest heavily in the company without informing them of the financial status. The business executives were aware that the company was making significant losses. A few business executives were earning millions of dollars at the expense of the ignorant workers. Most of the employees had invested their life-savings in Enron with the hope of earning good returns. There are indicators that the executives knew that the company would run bankrupt. Jeffery Skilling resigned from his position as the CEO when the accounting dealings of Enron became intricate (Sims Brinkmann, 2003). This issue is an ethical issue because the business management propagated corruption on a colossal scale without considering the employees investment. The situation can be attributed to fraud on a large scale. How to develop virtuous The primary concept is that virtuous is like a skill that can be learned and practised. Hence, humans can learn and practice skills in their daily life. Aristotles virtue ethics is not absolute. There is thus a chance for every human being to develop and enact virtuous. A person can make good judgement when it is desirable or at the right time. Once a person develops virtuous, they will be in a position to express good character in the most deserving events. Consequentialist judges whether the act is right or wrong based on the results of the action (Shaw, 2008). If the results of an action are good, then it will be considered as right. Even if the intentions of a person were wrong, the action would be judged based on the consequences. This theory differs from virtue ethics because virtue ethics judges the action rather than the outcome. On the other hand, non-consequentialist considers the reason for a certain action and not the outcome (Shaw, 2008). This theory judges people on how good their intentions were regardless of the consequence. For instance, if a wrong action leads to a good outcome then it will be considered as good. Conversely, if a right action results in a wrong consequence, then it will be considered as wrong.The main difference in these three theories is about decision making and outcome of the decision. This difference is evident in peoples character and judgments when faced with moral dilemmas. Kelloggs CRS statement The Kelloggs CRS statement is insincere. The CRS statement is structured to convince the public that the company is socially responsible. Additionally, the company aims to attract potential customers to the business. In its CRS statement, Kellogg argues that their products are nutritious and meant to enhance healthy lifestyles. However, different organisations have shown that the Kelloggs products are unhealthy. The Food Commission detected high levels of sugar in breakfast bars. Australian Consumer Magazine found high levels of saturated fats in LCM bars. False information by organisations about their CSR practices might lead to misleading actions (Rhmkorf, 2015). The placement of false information in the CSR is always meant to mislead consumers to purchase certain products. The incidence of Kellogg is similar to other ethical issues whereby companies fail to observe their CRS statements. Kellogg is striving to maximise stakeholders value through its unethical practices. The management might be propagating the view that business exists to maximise shareholder only. Application of Kantian theory Kelloggs CRS statement contradicts the Kantian theory of ethics. According to Kantian, one should never treat another human being as a mere means to an end (Sensen, 2011). Actions are only considered as moral if the autonomy of human beings is respected. Kantian further argues that an action is moral if it is applicable as a universal law. Kelloggs actions are unethical since the company fails to respect human beings autonomy. The sale of innutritious and unhealthy foods is not universally accepted. Due to these aspects, Kellogg is insincere, and its actions are unethical. Perspectives of fair trade that can be considered Fair trade is a broad topic that covers many perspectives. The central theme in fair trade, however, revolves around improving the living standards of people. One of the most important perspectives of enhancing fair trade is subsidising farmers. Farmers can be empowered to produce more even in small scale farming. Apart from producing more, subsidies will also help farmers to produce high-quality products. The products can then be exported to other countries. Another perspective is offering affordable health. Studies have shown that millions of people die annually due to infectious diseases. For instance, Australians living in rural areas experience poorer health status (Thomas et al., 2015). Affordable healthcare will help such community to access primary health care services. The trading rules are further causing a wide gap between the rich and poor. A review of trading rules can help to address this discrepancy. Trading rules should specifically focus on importation. Cheap importations have a significant adverse impact on local production (Oxfam Fair Trade Clips, 2007). Trading rules should be fair and designed to improve equality. Whether corporations have a responsibility to the international community Corporations have a responsibility to the international community. Corporations have a moral responsibility to improve the economy and condition of the community where they operate (Brennan et al., 2011). This aspect insinuates that corporations should not focus on making profits only. Thus, corporations should include their responsibility to the global community in both short-term and long-term goals. The responsibility of the corporations can also be viewed as corporate philanthropy. References Brennan, . et al., 2011. Corporate social responsibility : the corporate governance of the 21st century. 2nd ed. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Oxfam Fair Trade Clips. 2007. [Online Video]: tombottoms. Pendse, S.G., 2012. Ethical Hazards: A Motive, Means, and Opportunity Approach to Curbing Corporate Unethical Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 107(3), pp.265-79. Rhmkorf, A., 2015. orporate social responsibility, private law and global supply chains. Edward Elgar Publishing. Sensen, O., 2011. Kant on human dignity. Walter de Gruyter. Shaw, W., 2008. Business Ethics. 6th ed. Thomsom Wadsworth. Sims, R.R. Brinkmann, J., 2003. Enron Ethics (Or: Culture Matters More than Codes). Journal of Business Ethics , 45, pp.243-56. Thomas, S.L., Wakerman, J. Humphreys, J.S., 2015. Ensuring equity of access to primary health care in rural and remote Australia - what core services should be locally available? International journal for equity in health, 14(1), p.111.

Debate of standard living condition in Britain during the industrial revolution

Introduction The debate on the impacts of early industrialization and capitalism on the British working class’s standards of living has been going on for an unusually long time.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Debate of standard living condition in Britain during the industrial revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Historians do not seem to agree whether in exchange for long working hours, in the factories, British workers living standards improved or worsened with some saying that gains were realized in real wages, improved life expectancy and better living conditions in the cities. What the historians find difficult to connect is the economic development realized during this period to improved living conditions for the common people. Economic and social historians have brought to focus issues that have elicited vigorous debate and calls for a complete understanding of economic and philosophica l concepts and greater originality in search of new information on the issues. Historians have used different approaches to determine the impacts of the industrial revolution on the living standards of common people. They have used qualitative evidence and quantitative series including economic, demographic, and anthropometric indicators which have been studied at the local, regional and national levels. Some have given attention to the material aspects of well being while others have studied and attached more significance to the quality of life. This as expected has yielded different verdicts, which have left the debate still raging, with no sign of consensus (Allen 21). Body Charles Feinstein is one such historian who has recently attempted to solve the riddle of impacts of the industrial revolution on the lives of British commoners and compiled his findings in the Journal of Economic History. He compiled the estimates of wages and the costs of living during and after the industri al revolution in order to get a fresh picture of the trends in real earnings during this time. In his study, Heinstein used a new index of average annual earnings created for a larger project on economic growth during this period covering all workers, both male and female, on the period between 1770 to 1880. Most of these estimates are extracted from well known compiled information series by writers most especially A. L. Bowley and G. H. Wood who had relatively secure foundations. At the first phase, (Feinstein 628) constructed a separate estimates of the male and female in Great Britain at decennial periods from 1771 to 1881. The totals were then classified by sectors or occupations and then classified into three categories of income earners: employers, self employed, salaried people and manual wage earners.Advertising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This were used to calculate the element f or weighing component wage series. Next, the author needed the absolute value of mean annual earnings in each sector per year which was taken from 1881 estimates from an earlier study. Annual estimates of the movement of earnings for more than 20 different industries representing 80% of all wage earners in the country in 1851 were compiled. Existing indices from Bowley and Wood studies were extended to 1770 and additional ones compiled for other sectors. These were compiled to calculate weekly earnings with an assumption of full employment. Then the annual index of nominal full-employment earnings for all wage earners was compiled and showed the changes in full-employment nominal wages for each sector and groups of workers and the movements between them. Feinstein, (635) constructed a new cost-of-living index to measure the changes in the prices of 12 kinds of foods together with prices for beer, coal, candles, clothing, footwear and rent. This new index used different expenditure s hares, and different base years to weight it. It also has improved price indicators for food, clothing, and rent which started a decade earlier in 1770. This index is again compared and contrasted with LW index, which is different from Feinstain’s in that they both use different procedures for weighing the indices and in expenditure shares from where the weights are obtained. (Feinstein 636) index also includes potatoes and oatmeal among other items, which are not included in the LW index which slow down the pace of decline in prices. In deriving the trend in real wages for manual workers in Great Britain, Feinstein, (640) brings together indices of full employment nominal earnings and the cost of living index. From the resulting graph, moderate rate of improvement in full-employment real earnings is shown. From this graph, the period of between 1780s and the end of Napoleonic Wars saw no increase in average real earnings and the nominal earnings were at par with the cost of living. From 1815 to late 1850s there was slow improvement in both the indices, but after this period, the average worker started to experience substantial and sustained increase in real wages. Feinstein concludes that there was a less than 30% of increase in real weekly earnings all factors considered for the 75 year period of the industrial revolution in Great Britain. Lindert and Williamson, (5) in their article further discusses this debate. They use nominal full-time wage series and the use of the living index to calculate the wage trends of the average, Great britain workers. They argue that real wages experienced a period of stagnation between 1770 to 1820.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Debate of standard living condition in Britain during the industrial revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the period between 1820 and 1850, they continue to say that real wages nearly doubled which pro duced a large estimates of increase than any previous pessimistic studies. The authors also outline other more optimistic views of the standards of living for the workers between the period of 1780 and 1850, for example, discounting the claims that unemployment rates at the 1840s led to deteriorating standards of living for the working class. They argue that unemployment rates during this period that is commonly known as the ‘hungry forties’ was probably less than 9.4% in most difficult two years of the decade. On the employment of women and children, the claim that though they lack wide-ranging data on them, available evidence show that their wages were roughly in the same range with those of unskilled labouring men which they competed against as substitutes. They also attribute some of the increase in earnings for workers may be as a result of migration from the countryside to towns and from slow growing regions to faster growing regions. Their calculations of contrib ution of migration factors to increase in earnings showed a less than 3.6% was realised between the period of 1781 and 1851. The pessimists had argued that the industrial revolution led to a decline in life expectancy in the first half of the 19th century especially in cities where most of the industries were located. The authors agree with these claims, but say this could be true in Manchester and Liverpool and other industrial centres, but these are offset or more than offset by gains in life lengthening, in other cities and countryside. The pessimists had also claimed that quality of life of workers was ruined during this period by long, tedious working hours in the factories, changes in the traditional family roles, environmental pollution such as noise, filth, crime and crowding of urban slums. The authors contend that they could not find a measure to weigh the negative effects of industrialisation against the substantial gains in real wages they propagated. They, however, say that unskilled metal and cotton workers in the industrial center Manchester, earned an average of 41.4 pounds per week while a common labourer in agricultural East Anglia, a â€Å"healthy† place, earned an estimated 25.1 pounds a week. Also, they say that despite the claim that despite the higher costs of living in industrial centers, and the low quality of life therecompared to the agricultural regions, workers still continued to migrate to the growing cities. They conclude by saying that remarkable gains in standards of living were realized by the workers between 1781 and 1851.Advertising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When factors such as occupational change, regional migration, a fairly small increase in unemployment, move to higher costs of living in industrial cities and industrial disamenities are taken into consideration there were substantial gains in living standards during the period. They say that this gains were 60% for farm labourers, over 80% for manual workers and more than 140% for all workers with the majority of them coming after 1820 (Allen 48). Economist Crafts, (141) has also contributed to the debate on the living standards of Britain’s working class during the industrial revolution. He estimates that British income per person based on the 1970 U. S. dollars increased from $400 in 1760 to 430 in 1800 and then rose to $500 in 1830 then a mega increase by $300 was experienced by1860. This followed centuries of rising and falling income levels. Slow growth according to Craft was reported between 1760 to 1830 after which the income levels rose substantially up to 1860 doubl ing the increase of real income per person during the period between 1760 and 1860. If this did not result to the lowest-income group of people being better off after the growth, then the share of income going to the lowest 65% of the population would have to had to fall by half which did not happen according to (Crafts 140). He says that 29% of the country’s total income went to the lowest 65% of the population in 1760 and in 1860 this share of percentage of the total income was at 25% meaning the lowest 65% of the population was relatively better off. The increase in average real income for the country for this group during this period was approximately 70%. Considering the increase in estimates for the real income, a mildly optimistic view is justified for the living standards of the working class for the century after 1760 according to (Crafts 143). His pessimist critics though cite the slow growth in a long time as a pessimistic conclusion. They give an example of the ea rly years of industrialization in the country between 1760 to 1830, and what it meant to the working class, did it make them worse off during this period. The growth of 0.3% annual y on real income per person is likely to have resulted into deteriorating conditions for workers. Craft, however, continues to say that real wage figures are for real wage rates not earnings. During the period around 1820, historians should remember that unemployment was especially high due to factors such as demobilization, agricultural dislocation and unpredicted drops in price levels, which according to Lindert and Williamson, (13) study rendered approximately 10% of the labor force out of work. Other years such as 1780 saw unprecedented high employment levels which together with the high unemployment years are enough to reduce the calculated rates of growth in real earnings to around 0.55 % per year for the period of 1780 to 1820, when the real increase had been 0.80% annually. These figures are consi stent with consumption. In the period between 1820 and 1850, wages were shares of national income and as an allocate of consumption in national output were relatively consistent. Crafts, (139) says that this meant real wages growth was rather similar to consumption growth. It is during the 1851 period that the economy gained a â€Å"normal† level of unemployment. If the real wage growth was added to this, then an estimate of about 1.2% annually that is close to the rate of consumption a real wage increase would have been realized. The comparison of national output growth and real wages growth Crafts, (142) say supports (Lindert and Williamson 18) procedure is that results in overestimates, in real wage growth, for the years between 1820 and 1850. In conclusion, (Crafts 144) say that the argument that overall wage growth was significantly less than the national output per head propagated by the pessimists is not the case. The slow growth of consumption by workers during the ea rly industrialization era was as a result of slow growth and not as a result of prolonged interval of stagnation in real wages behind the national output. Conclusion The period between 1760 and 1860 marked a transformation of England into a workshop of the world. There was technological progress, education and rising capital stock marked this period refered to as the Industrial revolution which historians say is the most critical period in history. However, historians do not seem to agree on whether this revolution resulted into improved standards of living for the British working class. Some argue that the conditions for these workers got worse due to things such as prolonged working hours and environmental pollution among others. Others, however, say that gains realized such increased real wages and improved life expectancy among others led to improved standards of living. Charles Feinstein is a representation of the pessimist writer who compiled the estimates for this period. Fur ther, he drew a new index of average annual earnings of the period using earlier information especially from A. L. Bowley and G. H. Wood. He concludes that there was a less than 30% of increase in real weekly earnings all factors considered for the 75 year period of the industrial revolution in Great Britain. Lindert and Williamson use nominal full-time wage series and the use of the living index to calculate the wage trends of the average, Great Britain workers. They represent optimists as their conclusions are that all factors put into consideration, there was a substantial increase in gains, in standards of living after 1820. Crafts are another optimist who suggests that significant gains were made in living standards putting in mind the substantial increase in real wage rates in the lowest 65% of the income who by 1860 had a share of 25% of the total national income. Economic historians are expanding the debate to look at the effects of the industrial revolution which could have had negative or positive impacts on the living standards of the people thereby offsetting the gains made. Works Cited Allen, Robert. Pessimism Preserved: Real Wages in the British Industrial Revolution. UK: Oxford University, 2007. Print. Crafts, N. F. R. English workers’ real wages during the industrial revolution: some remaining problems. The journal of economic history, 5.2 (1985), pp.139-144. Print. Feinstein, Charles. Pessimism perpetuated real wages and the standard of living in Britain during and after the industrial revolution. The journal of economic history, 13.7 (1998), pp.625-658. Print. Lindert, Peter and Jeffrey Williamson. English worker’s living standards during the industrial revolution: A new look. The economic history review, 8.5 (1983), pp.1- 25. Print. This term paper on Debate of standard living condition in Britain during the industrial revolution was written and submitted by user Wolver-dok to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

UK Position Paper Free Trade

UK Position Paper Free Trade UK Position Paper Free Trade Committee: Global Economics Topic: Free Trade Country: United Kingdom Free trade is when one country lowers, or removes, their trade tariffs and gives subsidies on exports and imports to other countries. Free trade is supposed to be a tool used by countries to obtain resources that are scarce in their country while making the most of the local resources that are available. Instead, large corporations in developed countries who mass produce goods use the free trade agreements of lower tariffs and subsidies to sell their goods in third world countries, which hurts local businesses. This results in an unequal distribution of wealth because the developed nations will exercise a protectionist policy when it come to agricultural trade, which happens to be third countries’ biggest export. These protectionist policies make it hard for third world nations to compete equally in the global market, and thus occurs the conflict of viewpoints on free trade. The first cause of this problem is the fact that third world countries strongly believe in the protectionist view on trade. This is because smaller third world nations know that the only way their domestic economy can grow is by limiting, or eliminating, foreign competition. By radically increasing the tariffs for imports in their country, this will decrease the international competition faced by local manufacturers, and will allow the the local economies to grow, thus increasing the country’s GDP and strengthening their economy. These countries are aware that with no tariffs large multinational corporations can come in and monopolize the market of their choosing, and that small local businesses are the only way their economy can grow. Developed nations also have caused problems with free trade by overemphasizing its importance. They often times blame the fact that third nations have not lowered their tariffs, and this is why their economy is so stagnant. But when third world countries open up their trading boundaries, large countries like the USA take advantage of these low tariffs. A 2002 study showed that the US exported wheat 43% below its production cost, creating tough competition for local farmers. This low export price faced from the US is what allows them to sell their goods at such a low price in the international markets, which consequently hinders the growth of local businesses and the overall economic growth of the country. The UN is in cooperation with the World Trade Organization to help moderate free trade negotiations between countries. In July 2009, the UN wanted to â€Å"resist all protectionist tendencies and rectify any protectionist measures already taken,† which shows that the UN leans towards a more free trading style between countries. They have mediated several hundred negotiations in the past such as NAFTA and other large international trade agreements. The UK strongly supports the concept of free trade as much of our economic strength depends on our trading relations with other countries. As a member of the European Union and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership the UK notes that strong economic ties with countries all over the world is the best way for an economy to grow. Countries can benefit from trade and investment with other countries while specializing in a specific good to export to other nations, thus increasing domestic production rates and strengthening the economy. A country like Iraq is

The Watergate Scandal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Watergate Scandal - Essay Example Soon things got worse forcing President Nixon to step down from office as President of the United States. Apart from resignation of President Nixon on August 1972, the scandal also led to the indictment, trial and imprisonment of 43 accomplices most of whom were administration official of President Nixon2. This paper will explore the Watergate Scandal from the buildup, the scandal, the end, and the aftermath. The Watergate scandal is said to have originated from the hostile political environment of the 1960s general elections3. This is attributed to the fact that by 1972 when President Richard Nixon was seeking for his reelection as president of the United States as republican candidate, the country was already deeply divided internally as a result of the Vietnam War of 1955to 1975. Because of the harsh political environment, Nixon and his henchmen found it prudent to employ forceful campaign tactics in order to be able to sabotage his opponent, particularly his challenger Gerald For d, the then democratic candidate4. The aggressive campaign strategies used by Nixon and his advisers included what later emerged as an illegal spying. This is after the evidence gathered at the scene revealed that some member of Nixon’s re-election committee (CREEP) broke into Watergate building, the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee on May 1972 stealing copies of confidential documents and then bugged the phones in the office. Mark Feldstein reveals that despite having stolen the DNC’s top-secret document, the wiretaps stolen could not work properly forcing the burglars to return to Watergate headquarters on 17 June of the same year.5 However, this time round the burglars came with new microphone, but before they could break in, one of the security guard called Frank Willis saw a piece of tape wrapped on the locker of the door leading into the stairwell. Willis quickly removed the tape oblivious of water was happening. However, since he suspected that something was a mess, he rushed to the telephone and called the Metropolitan Police who came to Watergate few minutes later and began conducting a thorough search in the building6. It is then that the police realized that all the doors leading to stairwell of the sixth floor had been taped in a similar manner7. Investigation also revealed that the Democratic National Committee had rented the entire sixth floor. The police officers then began moving from one office to the next in the entire sixth floor with arsenals drawn8. No soon had they entered the offices Stanley Grieg, of Deputy Party Chairman than a man came out from his hiding place and surrendered to the officers pleading not to be shot. Subsequent searches led to the arrest of five men in the offices all wearing surgical gloves and business suits. A team of investigators learnt that the main purpose for the break-in by the burglars was to bug Lawrence O’Brien, the DNC chairman’s offices and get files related t o their campaign strategy that might help republicans in the forthcoming presidential elections9. Investigators also found out that the burglars had all booked suits fictitiously at the Watergate Hotel. The police officers also conducted a search in their rooms and in DNC offices in which $5,000 numbered as $100 bills was found plus

Understanding School Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Understanding School Business Management - Essay Example the administrative function of the school and strategically ensures the most effect use of resources in support of the school’s learning objectives. The SBM is responsible for the Financial Resource Management/Administration Management/ Management Information and ICT/Human Resource Management/Faculty and Property Management/ Health & Safety Management of the school. From the enumerated purposes, it could be deduced that SBMs perform functions that enhance the administration and management of academic institutions through their expertise in business management. The general duties of SBMs are categorized according to the following: leadership and strategy, financial resource management, administration management, management information systems and ICT, human resource management, facility and property management, as well as health and safety (National Association of School Business Management, n.d.). The development of the profession was noted to have been steered by several key drivers. The drivers include significant changes in the educational system, the transformations in academic demands of contemporary children, as well as qualifications of those who manage academic institutions. There have been reported changes in the educational system, as well as in the provision of children’s services (National College for Teaching and Leadership, n.d.). In addition, due to the increasingly complex demands of the academic setting, those who are assigned to manage diverse facets and functions of the educational institution’s operations need to gain specialized theoretical frameworks to address complicated concerns. As emphasized, SBMs role require focusing on: â€Å"complement(ing) the roles and attributes of other leaders operating in the school, managing flexible systems, (and) providing an efficient administrative service† (National College for Teaching and Leade rship, n.d., p. 1). Concurrently, other key drivers are the need to collaborate with other leaders

Horoscopes and Astrology Essay Example for Free

Horoscopes and Astrology Essay Horoscopes are charts created by astrologers. A definition of a horoscope is: the illustration of the position of the sun, moon, and planets from a given location on earth, usually at birth. Which simply means, where everything in the universe was in relation to everything else when you were born. People have been finding their horoscopes for a long time now, its nothing new. The earliest known horoscope was from 409 B.C. where it started to spread in the East with the conquerors of the Roman Empire. From there, it started spreading all the way across to Western Europe, where it was almost considered a science itself by all learned people. Everyone has an astrological sign. There are 12 in all. They are called the signs of the zodiac. The 12 signs are called : Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. Each sign represents a set of human characteristics. They deal with certain area of a persons life, such as marriage, health, work, travel, and death. Astrologers believe that the position of the objects in the sky when you were born and their movements reflect the persons character and destiny. The horoscope also is divided into 12 houses. Unlike the zodiacal signs, which represent the annual cycle of the sun, the house represent the 24 hours of a day of the Earths daily rotation. Astrologers make predictions by studying the position of the objects with all of the 12 signs and of the 12 houses. You might see your horoscope in the newspaper today. Its based on the signs of the zodiac I mentioned, and where the Sun was located when you were born. It implies that all people born under the same sign anywhere in the world at any time share common characteristics. Today, even though only a small percentage of people believe in it, books and  columns on astrology rate higher than ever no one can say why! I think curiosity has a big effect on the overall popularity of astrology and horoscopes. Horoscopes are illustrated by circles, called the ecliptic. Its the way the earth orbits around the sun in a year. Every planet (including the sun and moon) has a sign, depending on where the planet is on the ecliptic when the horoscope was made to be for. The astrology that horoscopes are based on are criticised and questioned often, and although many scientists disagree with the science involved in getting your horoscope, millions of people continue to believe or practice it.

American Transformation, 1800-1890 Essays -- collapse of colonialism, n

Overview What major political changes did Western Hemisphere nations face in the nineteenth century? (The Earth and Its Peoples, 633) The collapse of colonialism created various challenges for the newly free nations of the Western Hemisphere, in the 19th century. The rise of Personalist leaders, resurgence of Native American resistance, and immigration all affected the political environments of North and South America during that time. Young nations like The United States, Argentina, and Brazil found it difficult to manage themselves under their new constitutions. Regional separations and movements for women’s and black rights added to this difficulty, creating new political groups and questioning national identity. Perhaps the most significant political change in the 19th century, the regionalization of western states challenged the growth of their respective identities. As Bulliet says, â€Å"after independence, new national governments were generally weaker than the colonial governments they replaced.† In Spanish America, initiatives like Gran Columbia failed because of debate over economic policy, power struggles, and other interprovincial conflict. The lands of New Spain (1521-1821) were wide and varied, and many of the natives never desired to live under such a flag to begin with. This was illustrated with the Caste War, a string of many battles that were waged between the Maya and the Spanish over rights and land in the Yucatà ¡n area of Mexico, starting in 1847. Regionalism also affected the United States. The size and composition of states influenced the drafting of the constitution. The smaller states, along the East Coast, feared that their say would be repressed by lar ger states. The states and western territori... ...ves are as responsible for their oppression as those who oppress them. The third resolution voices, â€Å"the servile submission and quiet indifference of the Women of this country †¦ are the fruit either of ignorance or degradation.† This seems quite logical, although, from what I’ve read, I think it was a combination of the two. Through the words of these resolutions, I can see the precursors to the feminist movement of the 60’s. When learning about the reception of these resolutions by the constitutional convention, part of me isn’t surprised, given the prevailing views at the time; another part of me is shocked that these men can simply ignore the wrongs that have been so clearly laid out in front of them. It reminds me that we have wrongs that are allowed in today’s society, which may be more subtle, but no less important, and are ignored by our representatives.

Managing Market Acceptance (Case Study)

Field course ‘Developing for Markets’ 2011 Case 2 BD Group: Introducing the Chicka Phone 1 Contents Introduction:3 Part 1 – Influencing market acceptance in a consumer market3 1. 1 Knowledge phase3 1. 2 Persuasion phase4 1. 3 Decision phase4 1. 4 Implementation phase4 1. 5 Confirmation phase4 Part 2 – Influencing market acceptance in a B2B market4 2. 1 Influencing individual members of the DMU5 2. 2 Influencing the customer firm5 2. 3 Influencing a whole market segment5 2. 4 Influencing several market segments6 Part 3 – Evaluating market acceptance6 3. 1 Evaluate Market acceptance in an consumer market6 3. Evaluate Market acceptance in an B2B market7 Reference list8 Introduction: In this case we will treat different aspects in the field of Business Development. The theme is developing for markets, where the processes of adoption and diffusion will be elaborated. To illustrate the theory behind these processes, a case will be presented about a new sta rt-up company, which is named the BD Group. The BD Group has been innovating their communication systems, and want to bring it to the market. For the consumer market, the BD Group wants to bring a new consumer phone: the Chicka Phone 1. This phone holds their new and nnovative technology addressing in particular the needs of students who are much socially active. For the B2B the BD Group is interested in exploiting the technology to other companies. This paper focuses on aspects a company should take into account before bringing a new product to a market and how it can evaluate the market acceptance when a product is actually launched. The former will be addressed in two parts in this paper. In the first part will be referred specific marketing tools that can be used when bringing a new product to the consumer market, and in the second part, this will be done for bringing a new product to a B2B market.The third part will show how to evaluate the market acceptance when the product is actually launched to one (or both) markets. Part 1 – Influencing market acceptance in a consumer market Many proactive firms try to positively influence market acceptance of their newly introduced products. This means that this company has to deal with both (1) the adoption processes at the level of individual customers and (2) the diffusion processes at the market level. In order to do so, a company can use different tools. In this section these tools will be addressed.This will be done using the model of Rodgers (1995) of Stages in the innovation decision process, see also figure 1. The theory will be illustrated by using the case of BD Group. Figure 1: A Model of Stages in the Innovation-Decision Process (Rodgers, 1995) A new company, called the BD Group is going to bring the new Chicka Phone 1 to the market. Different actions have to be considered by BD Group in the adoption process, this to influence the adoption at the individual level. In each phase of the innovation- decision process; the knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation and confirmation phase, different tools are needed. . 1 Knowledge phase â€Å"Knowledge occurs when an individual (or other decision making unit) learns of the innovation's existence and gains some understanding of how it functions† (Rogers, 1995, p. 20). In the knowledge stage innovators and early adaptors become most engaged. In this stage, information from a different variety of sources and references (statistics etc. ) will be most effective in increasing awareness and adoption of the Chicka Phone 1. Knowledge should be spread in different kind of forms, from commercials to face to face contact with potential customers for the Chicka Phone 1. 1. 2 Persuasion phase Persuasion occurs when an individual (or other decision-making unit) forms a favorable or unfavorable attitude toward the innovation† (Rogers, 1995, p. 20). The persuasion stage is about uncertainty reduction for the customer. The custom er wants to learn about the consequences the innovation will have on his or her personal situation (Rogers, 1995). Interpersonal networks play an important role, as customers are likely to be influenced by subjective evaluation of their peers (Rogers, 1995). In practice, this means that the information needs to reach a select group of customers first, before it can travel via worth of mouth.The groups to be reached first by the BD Group are the innovators and the early adopters. As these groups are eager to figure out more about the innovation, they can be presented with comparison charts and an overview of the benefits. Other persuasive communications tools that fit into this phase are benchmarks, cost comparisons and product reviews (Brenner, 2007). Once these groups are convinced of the value of the product they will start communicating with the early and late majority, which will lead to the laggards. 1. 3 Decision phase Decision occurs when an individual (or other decision-maki ng unit) engages in activities that lead to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation† (Rogers, 1995, p. 20). Again, the customer wants to reduce uncertainty and is likely to be influenced by subjective evaluations within his or her interpersonal networks in this stage (Rogers, 2010). To address this problem, the effect of word of mouth should be enhanced by positive confirmation from other sources. This can be done by the use of social media and free communication channels such as YouTube. com.Providing positive product reviews will help the customer to make the right decision process. 1. 4 Implementation phase â€Å"Implementation occurs when an individual (or other decision-making unit) puts an innovation into use. Re-invention is especially likely to occur at the implementation stage† (Rogers, 1995, p. 20). In the implementation stage marketing and communication will become more and more important. Ongoing communications should be used to satisfy the customers of t he BD Group. A good customer service that has a high availability can be integrated in the organization to satisfy customer needs.Also, a platform for customer feedback is needed, as re-invention is likely to occur. 1. 5 Confirmation phase â€Å"Confirmation occurs when an individual (or other decision-making unit) seeks reinforcement of an innovation-decision that has already been made, but the individual may reverse this previous decision if exposed to conflicting messages about the innovation† (Rogers, 1995, p. 20). Dissatisfaction should be prevented, therefore communication channels should be established to provide proper service.Adjusted and improved versions of the phone should be considered to keep the customers satisfied and attract potential customers. Part 2 – Influencing market acceptance in a B2B market Influencing market acceptance in a B2B market differs of that in a consumer market. In a B2B market, decisions to implement a technology is usually not mad e individually, but involves a comprehensive Decision Making Unit (DMU), consisting of both individuals inside the customer firm and outside organizations (such as consultants).Therefore influencing market acceptance in a B2B market, is a more complex process and before it is done, there should be made a clear distinction of trying to (1) influence an individual members of the DMU, (2) influence the customer firm, (3) influence a whole market segment, or (4) influence several market segments. The BD Group wants to sell their technology to other businesses. The technology concerned is a sophisticated communication technology, and the company is convinced this technology could have many benefits for other businesses. 2. Influencing individual members of the DMU Influencing individual members of the DMU is comparable with individuals in a consumer market, only the influence is mainly limited to the knowledge and persuasion phase. The process for doing so, is called diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system (Rogers, 1995, p. 35). So when the BD Group wants to influence individual members of the DMU,   they have to reach them personally or trough their social systems.An effective way of acieving this, is by offering the new equipment directly to these individuals, or to his or hers direct colleagues. When offering the communication system to this individual or his or hers social contacts, the benefits and the novelty of the product should be emphasized. But because it concerns complex equipment only approaching the individual and explaining the benefits and novelty, would probably not be sufficient. In order to convince him or her, this person also has to experience the product.To ensure a sufficient experience, (1) a trial version of the system could be offered, combined with a tutorial which shows the ease of use and the novelty of the product, or (2) a try- out event could be organized, in which the individual can directly ask questions to product experts when needed. These offers should of course meet the knowledge the individual that (might) already possess, and also should be realizable in terms of costs and technical possibilities for offering these instances. 2. 2 Influencing the customer firmBD Group could could also try to influence the whole customer firm. Influencing the customer firm can be done by reaching multiple levels within the firm. Given the likelihood of the presence of individuals of multiple classifications of the adoption model, i. e. innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards, the manufacturer should consider methods to reach these different segments, since this will result in a different attitude of the people within the firm towards the communication system.In order to make the communication system known to an organization, possible innovators and early adopters should be identified, because they can be ‘used’ in later stages to convince the early and late majority to adopt the system, because late adopters overweight the current system’s benefits over the new one by a factor of three (Gourville, 2006). The innovators and early adopters can be regarded as the first ones which are enthusiastic about the system, even when it is not flawless yet.Since they like to try something new and are regarded as the ‘opinion leaders’, they can convince decision makers to make use of the system. To ensure that they are convinced themselves, evidence from research, press releases or other third party confirmations could be provided to them. 2. 3 Influencing a whole market segment Because the technology of BD Group is sophisticated, it could also try to get market acceptance by emphasizing one particular part of the technology that really stands out, and offer this for free.By addressing one specific need or a service, and offer that particular service for free, the whole technology would be taken for granted. A good example of this came of another telephone technology business, RIM, it has made its service (ping) for free, but earned money by selling phones. Another possibility is to use traditional marketing tools, like advertisement campaigns. By using specific trade journals which can be addressed to specific market segment, businesses of this specific segment could get aware or familiar with the new communication system. Also using existing ‘partners’ can be beneficial.So could BD Group work together with another (mobile) phone company, like Motorola, to use their market access to make a market segment familiar with the new system. In addition to specialist journals an organization can also use specific Internet pages to inform visitors about the new system and offer them an easy opportunity to learn more about the system. This should not be done by so called banners, since many visitors find them annoyin g, but by creating a short bulletin on the home page for example. Finally, an organization can use an exhibition at which they can physically show the system to potential users.However, the effectiveness is really depending on the market segment, but the advantage is that an exhibition will mostly be visited by higher involved people of DMU’s in the segment. 2. 4 Influencing several market segments To influence the broadest group of several market segments, an organization could try to influence the end user of the communications system, notwithstanding the fact that the company is active in a B2B market, to make them aware of the product and convince the different market segments that there is enough demand for the new communications system.This influencing of the end user could be done with broadcasting tools which will have the greatest potential reach. That are television commercials, radio messages and some Internet advertisements, excluding banners since these are more suited for products with lower involvement of the user. Part 3 – Evaluating market acceptance Market acceptance can be described as the process in which a good or service satisfies the needs of a sufficiently large number of customers or business customers to continue or increase its production or availability.With this definition in mind, a set of variables will be put forward to measure the degree of market acceptance in the mobile phone market. BD Group will use these variables to measure the success of the Chicka Phone 1. First factors that can influence market acceptance of the consumer market are proposed and will be explained how to analyse these factors. After that, the same will be done for the B2B market. 3. 1 Evaluate Market acceptance in an consumer marketBy Huizingh (2008) it is stated that the adoption decision, which is the decision from a consumer or a company to buy a certain product, depends on four variables: perceived product characteristics, activities of the supplier, characteristics of the customer and external factors. Therefore, for the BD Group it can be stated that the degree of market acceptance that will be achieved for the Chicka Phone 1 depends on these factors. Figure 2: Diverse group of factors which determine market acceptance of an innovation In the competitive industry of mobile phones it might be difficult to find market acceptance.Moderators influencing market acceptance are mentioned above in a model. Variables that BD Group, a supplier of the new mobile phone can use to measure the market acceptance of customers can be the following: * Amount of complaints of customers * Intensity of use * Total base of customers * Profits on the Chicka Phone 1 * Increase of selling in different phases of the PLC * Amount of positive comments in social media * Amount of positive comments in expert sites The different variables are chosen, because of their relationship with market acceptance.This are indicators of market acceptance and are directly measurable. The indicators are measuring the degree of market acceptance from the customers of the Chicka Phone 1. Factors influencing the degree of market acceptance of BD Group are different than the indicators mentioned. These are discussed in figure 2. 3. 2 Evaluate Market acceptance in an B2B market Following the same reasoning mentioned earlier, the influencing factors of the degree of market acceptance for the BD Group are: perceived product characteristics, activities of the supplier, characteristics of the customer and external factors.Rogers argued that the rate of adoption of an innovation is determined by the perceived attributes of the innovation (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability), the type of innovation-decision (optional, collective, authority), communication channels (mass media or interpersonal), the nature of the social system and the extent of change agents’ promotion efforts. However, due to t he specifics of B2B market, the measuring variables differ comparing to consumer’s market. Economic factors: initial cost may affect its rate of adoption, therefore by decreasing the price during diffusion process; a rapid rate of acceptance can be expected * Status aspects: one motivation for organizations to adopt an innovation is the desire to gain social status (for example the CE mark on products increases customer’s trust, therefore many companies want to have it on their products and pay significant fees to such organizations) * Relative advantage: as organizations pass through the decision process, they are motivated to seek information in order to decrease uncertainty about the relative advantage of an innovation.Potential adopters want to know the degree to which a new system is better than the existing one. * Preventive innovation: in order to lower some unwanted future events, an organization might adopt the new system. * Compatibility: with socio-cultural values and beliefs; previously introduced systems/ideas; client needs for the innovation. Reference list Brenner, B. K. (2007). Adopt a Marketing Model to Increase Client Satisfaction. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 61(3), 8 – 10. Gourville, J.T. (2006). Eager Sellers, Stony Buyers. Harvard Business Review,84(4), 99 – 106. Huizingh, E. H (2008), Innovatie Succes is geen toeval Frambach, R. T. and N. Schillewaert (2002), Organizational Innovation Adoption; A Multi-Level Framework of Determinants and Opportunities for Future Research, Journal of Business Research, 55, 163-176 Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (4th ed). New York: The Free Press. http://www. slideshare. net/davidonoue/diffusion-of-innovation-slides-for-chapter-6

The Hypocrisy of Imperialism in Heart of Darkness

And indeed nothing is easier for a man who has, as the phrase goes, followed the sea with reverence and affection, than to evoke the great spirit of the past upon the lower reaches of the Thames...It had known and served all the men of whom the nation is proud, from Sir Francis Drake to Sir John Franklin, knights all, titled and untitled--the great knights-errant of the sea. (302) The unnamed narrator sits aboard a pleasure ship called the Nellie, along with four other men, including Marlow. The five men are held together by the bonds of the sea, yet are restless and meditative aboard the ship, waiting for something to happen. As darkness begins to fall, the men recall the great ships and explorers that have set forth from the Thames on†¦show more content†¦Marlow, himself, claims to be well-aware that the Company operates for profit and not for the good of humanity, unlike the beliefs of his aunt and other Europeans. Marlow attributes this naà ¯vetà © to propaganda and the fact that women do not live in the same world as men- as fragile creatures, they must be protected from reality. Marlow seems to identify female figures as representatives of home. For Marlow, this is negative, as home indicates knowledge that has been derived from books and religion, rather than from experience. However, Heart of Darkness is not thoroughly demeaning towards fema les, as the story includes many influential and powerful women. Marlow s aunt, for example, was able to get him a job with the Company. In this section, Marlow also encounters two men who demonstrate the change that occurs within oneself while in Africa, due to exposure to the wilderness and colonial sites. Fresleven was Marlow s predecessor in the Company, who, by European standards, was a good and gentle man. 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